Team:CSMU Taiwan/Human Practices

• Team
  • Team
  • Attributions
  • Collaborations
• Project
  • Description
  • Design
  • Demonstrate
  • Medal Criteria
• Lab
  • Experiments
  • Results
  • Notebook
  • Protocol
• Parts
  • Parts Overview
  • Characterization
  • Improve
• HP
  • HP Structure
  • Integrated Human Practice
  • Public Engagement
  • Entrepreneurship
• Model
• Safety

• Team
  • Members
  • Attributions
  • Collaborations
• Project
  • Description
  • Design
  • Demonstrate
  • Medal Criteria
• Lab
  • Experiments
  • Results
  • Notebook
  • Protocol
• Parts
  • Parts Overview
  • Characterization
  • Improve
• HP
  • HP Structure
  • IHP
  • Public Engagement
  • Entrepreneurship
• Model
• Safety

Human Practice structure

Participatory Design (PD)

Participatory Design is an emerging design practice which involves different non-designers in various co-design activities throughout the process, to help ensure that the designed product/service meets their needs.

In participatory design members of the wider community are also recognized as stakeholders which are able to impact the project. The extent of their involvement can range from being passively informed of a project’s development, to actively sharing their opinions in decision making.

What

Design for humans is often looked up as a standard by many designers, but how is it for people? Market research, focus group, usability testing, and other research methods are useful but sometimes they don't let us know the really important feedback. Sometimes users don't honestly say their ideas because of courtesy. More often users don't really know what they want or what they need, or the emotional level of them is often not quantifiable.

Design with Human is a part of participatory design, bringing users into the design process, in order to understand the psychological or social aspects of the user's ideas or use in the early stages of product development. Use Cases to work together to design a solution.

Why

Designers are not users, neither are product managers nor engineers. In the process of current software development, software often involves or affects various user cultural, political or psychological factors. The knowledge that a product development team needs is not just the product development team itself, but the idea of different aspects and different fields to inspire the best solution.
Imagine that in the process of traditional product design, a product team which lacks a real understanding of the user's needs is given a goal to solve a problem, the design made at this time may not really solve the user's problem, or become a mediocre product. Usually, it becomes Product Manager Driven instead of User-Driven .
Participatory design< gives users an opportunity to participate in the design. However, it is important to know that the users involved in the design do not influence the final product development decisions. Also, they do not have the professional knowledge as the product development team to understand the operation and execution of the entire product.

How

Participatory design is used in various design fields, include industrial design, architectural design, software design, and etc. In fact, there is not a specific way to make a participatory research session, that is, the simpler the better.
Back to our team, in order to expand our influences and to make sure all our human practice activities reach their maximum efficiencies and values, we 1) evaluate who our potential stakeholders are and make sure they participated in our project design, inspiring product modifies to made final product better-fit user’s needs.2) took the research of Sanders, E. B.-N., Brandt, E., & Binder, T. (2010). “A framework for organizing the tools and techniques of participatory design.” as a reference and developed a systematic structure to help us designing activities for human practice and public engagement, it includes three key points:

1. Applying with an appropriate Form
2. Adhering to core principle or Purpose
3. Designing a suitable Process
4. Learing from Feedbacks

Furthermore, it involved stakeholders from different aspects of our product. Through this systematic structure, we can not only programmatically arrange our activities but also examine the effectiveness of them. We introduced it to our human practice even public engagement. We hope that aside from us, future iGEM teams can also set up their own concept on this foundation.

Form

It describes the conducted time, the kind of the activity that is taking place and how it is been held. For different purpose, there will have different places and ways which is most suitable for the activities. Participatory design sessions can be conducted with either individuals or with people in groups. We classified the forms of our activities into individual, one-to-one interviews, and groups.

Purpose

According to the designation of PD, we came up with three main principle that may be introduced to different activities:

1. to stimulate participants interest,
2. to let the participants gain information
3. to discuss with the participants and let them generate ideas.

Moreover, we will set up a goal for each activity that might either benefit our study or can affect the public.

Process

It includes the detail of the designation of the activities or the document of what the participants do or said without judgment.

Feedbacks

It is an important part for us to realize what the participants think about. We collected the opinions, suggestions, and even encouragements from the participants which is precious to our study and even other sides of our personal abilities. We think that each activity can affect both conductors and participants. We also recorded our thoughts and what we gain from the activities.

References

1. Sanders, E. B.-N., Brandt, E., & Binder, T. (2010). A framework for organizing the tools and techniques of participatory design. PDC '10 Proceedings of the 11th Biennial Participatory Design Conference, Pages 195-198 https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1900476 https://sci-hub.tw/10.1145/1900441.1900476
2. Participate in Design (P!D) http://participateindesign.org/about/organisation
3. Liz Sanders, An Evolving Map of Design Practice and Design Research, 2008
4. Ines Anić, Participatory Design: What is it, and what makes it so great?, 2015

• 14th, March

• Doctor Hui-Xian Pan, Pediatrician

• We found the importance of developing a rapid influenza diagnostic test with higher sensitivity and accuracy to help doctors make the best diagnosis and help the government for the statistics of epidemiology.

×

Pediatrician Interview

Doctor Hui-Xian Pan

Form

We had an interview with Doctor Hui-Xian Pan(潘蕙嫻) on 14th, March at Chung-Shan Medical University Hospital. Dr. Pan is a pediatrician at Chung-Shan Medical University Hospital and also the clinical lecturer of the department of medicine. Her specialty is of pediatric infection, such as unknown fever, pneumonia, otitis media, skin infection and etc. Vaccine, rapid diagnostic test, prevention and treatment of pediatric infection are also her specialties.

purpose

Through the interview, we would like to know more about how clinical doctors deal with influenza and what they think of rapid diagnostic tests. Moreover, since doctors are at the front line facing patients, we can also find out what patients and their families think of the issue through interviewing doctors. Doctors are the middlemen between patients and hospitals and even the government, we want to know doctors' standpoint, what they think of hospitals and the government, and what role they act. We drafted the questions below:

• When do doctors use rapid influenza diagnostic tests?
• If patients have the symptom of influenza, will doctors use rapid influenza diagnostic tests? Or do doctors simply prescribe Tamiflu?
• Do rapid influenza diagnostic tests cause any inconvenience on diagnosis and treatment because of its inaccuracy or other factors?
• Is Tamiflu included in National Health Insurance? And is there any limitation for prescribing Tamiflu?
• If there is a product that can confirm influenza more accurately and more conveniently, what advantages it may bring to patients and doctors? If this product is cheaper than the existing one, what advantage will it bring to you?
• If there is a product that can differentiate typed A and type B, or even the subtype of type A, will it help doctors make diagnoses or treatments? Will it help the government conduct epidemiological statistics?
• Is it possible for patients to use rapid influenza diagnostic tests by themselves? And is it possible for patients to purchase rapid influenza diagnostic tests in pharmacies by themselves?

process

• Doctors will use rapid influenza diagnostic tests when they find patients having symptoms of influenza, such as cough, sneezing, nasal congestion, runny nose, heat, fever, and muscle pain. Then they make a confirmation with the results. Doctors usually make the diagnosis as an influenza infection when patients showing typical symptoms, such as fever for one to three weeks and muscle pain.
• Sometimes doctors simply prescribe Tamiflu for patients when patients’ symptoms are very typical. If doctors suspect other possibilities, they prescribe rapid tests for confirmation. Some parents persist in getting a definite diagnosis of their children. Then, doctors will prescribe rapid tests.
• The accuracy of rapid influenza diagnostic tests is not very high. In fact, doctors usually make diagnose with a patient’s clinical symptoms. If the symptoms are typical, doctors still prescribe Tamiflu even when the results of rapid tests are negative. Even doctors aren’t a hundred percent confident if the way of diagnosis the best treatment for patients.
• Tamiflu is covered by National Health Insurance, and the limitation for prescribing this medicine will be lowered during the influenza epidemic period. Doctors are able to prescribe Tamiflu even the result of the rapid influenza diagnostic test is negative. Moreover, doctors can prescribe Tamiflu when a patient’s second-degree relatives are infected by influenza but patients being healthy.
• For the question that if there is a product that can confirm influenza more accurately and more conveniently, Dr. Pan gave us some ideas. First, for patient’s parents or for patients, they can know what exactly their diseases are. Second, doctors can make confirmation if patients get influenza and would not prescribe the wrong medicine. Third, out of the flu season, doctors can only prescribe Tamiflu if the result of rapid tests are positive. If we can elevate the accuracy of the rapid test, we help doctors solve the problems that not allowed to prescribe Tamiflu while they are confident with their diagnosis, but rapid test showing negative results.
• The cheaper cost of rapid test kits does not have an impact on doctors, because it is hospitals that purchase medical supplies. The price factor is more related to hospitals. For patients, because of the National Health Insurance, the test fee is covered thus patients have no idea about the price. The price factor would only affect the government and hospitals.
• In a general situation, a product that can differentiate type A and B or even the subtype does not have an impact on doctors’ diagnoses. However, for patients with immunodeficiency, the medication would be different. Some patients with immunodeficiency are rejected by some medications. The treatments for specific subtypes must be developed.
• For the government, they often cooperate with laboratories. Laboratories help collect data from several hospitals or clinics and give the results to the government for statistics of epidemiology.
• It is impossible for patients to use the rapid influenza diagnostic test by themselves or buy a rapid influenza diagnostic test kit in pharmacies. Doctors insert a long cotton swab into patients' deep throats for collecting the sample of epithelial cells. This procedure must be taken by a professional and well-trained doctor, so general patients are not allowed to do it at home.
• The amount of influenza virus in patients' saliva is very small, so it is hard to detect just through the patients' salvia. If there is a product with higher sensitivity and accuracy, it may be possible conducting rapid influenza diagnostic tests with patients' saliva.
• Sometimes doctors of other sub-specialists may not be familiar with the symptoms of influenza. If there is a rapid influenza diagnostic test that is more accurate and more convenient, it may help them make diagnoses and give appropriate treatment to patients ASAP.

Feeback

After the interview, we found out that doctors often diagnose patients as flu through their symptoms and confirm by rapid influenza diagnostic tests. However, as the raising of patients' self-consciousness, patients would like to know what disease they exactly have. Therefore, it is important to have a more accurate and faster way to detect influenza to help doctors make the best diagnosis. Moreover, we found that to distinguish the subtype of influenza would help the government for the statistics of epidemiology. Through this interview, we found the importance of developing a rapid influenza diagnostic test with higher sensitivity and accuracy.

Twelve different integrated stress reporters allow for extensive and easy high-throughput screening of candidate compounds

×

Charlotte de Ceuninck van Capelle

Team manager

Form

We had an interview with Doctor Yuan-Yen, Chang on March 20th at Chung-Shan Medical University. Doctor Chang is the professor of microbiology. His specialties are virology, Immunology, and biotechnology.

Purpose

As a professor of microbiology, doctor Chang knows well about the knowledge as well as the mechanism of respiratory disease. Through this interview, we would like to know more about the background knowledge of respiratory disease and the diagnosis of influenza. We drafted the questions below:

• How to detect influenza in a lab?
• What kind of sample does the professor recommend for influenza rapid test?
• Do you recommend using the blood to detect the flu directly?
• Do you recommend using swabs to detect flu directly?
• What are the current methods of influenza detection?
• Do you have any suggestions for our fast screening products?

Process

• Generally, a bacterial culture is performed in a lab, and the whole process takes about 3 to 7 days.
• The general influenza samples have two forms, blood, and swab. The advantage of a blood sample is a lot amount at one time. The advantage of the swab is non-invasive.
• Dr. Chang recommended swab as the sample of our influenza rapid test. Since taking a blood sample needs to penetrate patients’ skin with needles, it is more invasive than taking a swab sample and less accepted by patients. Besides, drawing blood can only be conducted by professionally trained people, it isn’t good for promoting simple use. What’s more, a blood sample is valid only when there is viruses in the blood, or so-called viremia.
• Dr. Chang recommended that we design a kit that can test lots of pathogens and is user-friendly, which means everyone, even people who aren’t professionally trained, can use it. To know more about the technique he suggested we visit Adimmune Corporation.

Feedback

After the interview, we had a clearer idea of our product. We decided to take swabs as the sample of our device. Our device needs to be fast, accurate and easy-to-use. We can make our product as kits in the near future, and we can ask Adimmune Corporation for more details.

Twelve different integrated stress reporters allow for extensive and easy high-throughput screening of candidate compounds

×

Charlotte de Ceuninck van Capelle

Team manager

Form

On March 28th, we interview the doctor of the Medical Laboratory at Chung Shan Medical University Hospital.

Purpose

Our team wanted to know the opinions of the Medical Laboratory scientists for rapid influenza diagnostic test products and ask for some advice. We would like to know how laboratory scientists operate rapid diagnostic tests and if they have confronted any problem. Besides, we wanted to know the methods for testing our finished products and ask for opinions about our conception. To figure out these questions, we drafted the questions below and interview a laboratory scientist.

• Why are the control lines of rapid test kits designed by many companies different?
• Can we get patients’ samples from the Medical Laboratory in order to test our product? Or can we take our product to the medical laboratory to test it?
• How can we test our product?
• Why does the Medical Laboratory have to use a specific instrument to analyze the result of the rapid test? Can’t the result be read with naked-eyes?
• Why do they choose nasal mucus but serum as the sample for rapid influenza diagnostic tests?
• What is the mechanism of amplifying the signal of a sample in a rapid influenza diagnostic test?
• How high are the sensitivities of rapid influenza diagnostic tests nowadays?
• Is there anything of rapid influenza diagnostic tests that you want it to be improved?

Process

• Each company designs a different control line because they use different kinds of mice to produce antibodies. Just to make sure the sample can combine with the control line. Usually, they design various control lines, test and check the result, and choose the best one for production.
• The Medical Laboratory doesn’t keep samples after testing, and can’t give samples to us for testing our product, either. Without patients’ consent forms, patients’ samples can only be used for diagnosis. Biotechnical companies usually mix two different kinds of viruses as a sample for product testing at an initial stage. Too many different kinds of virus used at once is not recommended because it becomes hard to analyze the effect factors of the results. Types of viruses that will affect results are noted in Instruction manuals for doctors and laboratory scientists.
• We have to apply for experimental plans in order to get samples from the Medical Laboratory.
• The experiments to test products with different kinds of viruses must be taken in biosafety level-3 laboratories.
• Different medical laboratories of hospitals use different rapid influenza diagnostic tests.
• As for the data analyzing instrument we saw in the lab, it is used when the amount of the influenza virus in the sample isn’t enough, or for some fluorescence-used products that are hard to read with naked eyes. By using the instrument, there will be a standard for if patients are infected by influenza.
• Rapid influenza diagnostic tests always use samples collected from nasal mucus but serum because it is more difficult and more invasive to draw a patient’s blood than doing swabs, and the amount of the virus in nasal mucus is more than in blood, too. That is the reason why products nowadays seldom use samples collected from patients’ serum.
• When doing swabs, doctors will get into the patient’s throat as deep as possible to make sure they collect enough samples. The products nowadays seldom have a mechanism to amplify sample signals but they improve sensitivities by getting rid of the impurity. Some products contain enzymes to break down other bacteria or viruses to reduce interference. However not every company does so.
• The sensitivities of the products nowadays are not so good. Besides, many factors affect accuracy, for example, the ways doctors collect samples, the false negativity of products, or the disease process of patients is still at an early stage.
• It is impossible for patients to use the rapid influenza diagnostic test by themselves because the procedure of collecting samples must be done by well-trained doctors. Also, after using rapid diagnostic tests, patients still need to go see doctors and get treatments. It is worthless to let patients do the rapid test by themselves.
• We can try some ways to get rid of the impurity of other viruses or improve the sensitivities of our rapid test. It will benefit clinical medicine.

Feedback

The Medical Laboratory scientists said there were always many samples in the lab waiting for them. He thought that our products would be able to help them save time. Through the interview, we found that swabs are a better way for our product. We then chose swab instead of blood as the method to get samples.

Twelve different integrated stress reporters allow for extensive and easy high-throughput screening of candidate compounds

×

Charlotte de Ceuninck van Capelle

Team manager

Biopharmaceutical Sciences BSc

Charlotte involves herself with all team members to assist us in our tasks and help ensure things run smoothly. During meetings she maintains structure by being just and fair, while in the lab she can be found working on isolating stress promoters from Bacillus bacteria. When problems arise, Charlotte will quickly be working on a solution, making her our reliable team manager.

Fun fact: Charlotte knows most Epic Rap Battles by heart

Twelve different integrated stress reporters allow for extensive and easy high-throughput screening of candidate compounds

×

Charlotte de Ceuninck van Capelle

Team manager

Biopharmaceutical Sciences BSc

Charlotte involves herself with all team members to assist us in our tasks and help ensure things run smoothly. During meetings she maintains structure by being just and fair, while in the lab she can be found working on isolating stress promoters from Bacillus bacteria. When problems arise, Charlotte will quickly be working on a solution, making her our reliable team manager.

Fun fact: Charlotte knows most Epic Rap Battles by heart

Twelve different integrated stress reporters allow for extensive and easy high-throughput screening of candidate compounds

×

Charlotte de Ceuninck van Capelle

Team manager

Biopharmaceutical Sciences BSc

Charlotte involves herself with all team members to assist us in our tasks and help ensure things run smoothly. During meetings she maintains structure by being just and fair, while in the lab she can be found working on isolating stress promoters from Bacillus bacteria. When problems arise, Charlotte will quickly be working on a solution, making her our reliable team manager.

Fun fact: Charlotte knows most Epic Rap Battles by heart

Twelve different integrated stress reporters allow for extensive and easy high-throughput screening of candidate compounds

×

Charlotte de Ceuninck van Capelle

Team manager

Biopharmaceutical Sciences BSc

Charlotte involves herself with all team members to assist us in our tasks and help ensure things run smoothly. During meetings she maintains structure by being just and fair, while in the lab she can be found working on isolating stress promoters from Bacillus bacteria. When problems arise, Charlotte will quickly be working on a solution, making her our reliable team manager.

Fun fact: Charlotte knows most Epic Rap Battles by heart

Twelve different integrated stress reporters allow for extensive and easy high-throughput screening of candidate compounds

×

Charlotte de Ceuninck van Capelle

Team manager

Biopharmaceutical Sciences BSc

Charlotte involves herself with all team members to assist us in our tasks and help ensure things run smoothly. During meetings she maintains structure by being just and fair, while in the lab she can be found working on isolating stress promoters from Bacillus bacteria. When problems arise, Charlotte will quickly be working on a solution, making her our reliable team manager.

Fun fact: Charlotte knows most Epic Rap Battles by heart

Twelve different integrated stress reporters allow for extensive and easy high-throughput screening of candidate compounds

×

Charlotte de Ceuninck van Capelle

Team manager

Form

We had an interview with Doctor Yuan-Yen, Chang on March 20th at Chung-Shan Medical University. Doctor Chang is the professor of microbiology. His specialties are virology, Immunology, and biotechnology.

Purpose

As a professor of microbiology, doctor Chang knows well about the knowledge as well as the mechanism of respiratory disease. Through this interview, we would like to know more about the background knowledge of respiratory disease and the diagnosis of influenza. We drafted the questions below:

• How to detect influenza in a lab?
• What kind of sample does the professor recommend for influenza rapid test?
• Do you recommend using the blood to detect the flu directly?
• Do you recommend using swabs to detect flu directly?
• What are the current methods of influenza detection?
• Do you have any suggestions for our fast screening products?

Process

• Generally, a bacterial culture is performed in a lab, and the whole process takes about 3 to 7 days.
• The general influenza samples have two forms, blood, and swab. The advantage of a blood sample is a lot amount at one time. The advantage of the swab is non-invasive.
• Dr. Chang recommended swab as the sample of our influenza rapid test. Since taking a blood sample needs to penetrate patients’ skin with needles, it is more invasive than taking a swab sample and less accepted by patients. Besides, drawing blood can only be conducted by professionally trained people, it isn’t good for promoting simple use. What’s more, a blood sample is valid only when there is viruses in the blood, or so-called viremia.
• Dr. Chang recommended that we design a kit that can test lots of pathogens and is user-friendly, which means everyone, even people who aren’t professionally trained, can use it. To know more about the technique he suggested we visit Adimmune Corporation.

Feedback

After the interview, we had a clearer idea of our product. We decided to take swabs as the sample of our device. Our device needs to be fast, accurate and easy-to-use. We can make our product as kits in the near future, and we can ask Adimmune Corporation for more details.

Twelve different integrated stress reporters allow for extensive and easy high-throughput screening of candidate compounds

×

Charlotte de Ceuninck van Capelle

Team manager

Form

We had an interview with Doctor Yuan-Yen, Chang on March 20th at Chung-Shan Medical University. Doctor Chang is the professor of microbiology. His specialties are virology, Immunology, and biotechnology.

Purpose

As a professor of microbiology, doctor Chang knows well about the knowledge as well as the mechanism of respiratory disease. Through this interview, we would like to know more about the background knowledge of respiratory disease and the diagnosis of influenza. We drafted the questions below:

• How to detect influenza in a lab?
• What kind of sample does the professor recommend for influenza rapid test?
• Do you recommend using the blood to detect the flu directly?
• Do you recommend using swabs to detect flu directly?
• What are the current methods of influenza detection?
• Do you have any suggestions for our fast screening products?

Process

• Generally, a bacterial culture is performed in a lab, and the whole process takes about 3 to 7 days.
• The general influenza samples have two forms, blood, and swab. The advantage of a blood sample is a lot amount at one time. The advantage of the swab is non-invasive.
• Dr. Chang recommended swab as the sample of our influenza rapid test. Since taking a blood sample needs to penetrate patients’ skin with needles, it is more invasive than taking a swab sample and less accepted by patients. Besides, drawing blood can only be conducted by professionally trained people, it isn’t good for promoting simple use. What’s more, a blood sample is valid only when there is viruses in the blood, or so-called viremia.
• Dr. Chang recommended that we design a kit that can test lots of pathogens and is user-friendly, which means everyone, even people who aren’t professionally trained, can use it. To know more about the technique he suggested we visit Adimmune Corporation.

Feedback

After the interview, we had a clearer idea of our product. We decided to take swabs as the sample of our device. Our device needs to be fast, accurate and easy-to-use. We can make our product as kits in the near future, and we can ask Adimmune Corporation for more details.

Twelve different integrated stress reporters allow for extensive and easy high-throughput screening of candidate compounds

×

Charlotte de Ceuninck van Capelle

Team manager

Form

We had an interview with Doctor Yuan-Yen, Chang on March 20th at Chung-Shan Medical University. Doctor Chang is the professor of microbiology. His specialties are virology, Immunology, and biotechnology.

Purpose

As a professor of microbiology, doctor Chang knows well about the knowledge as well as the mechanism of respiratory disease. Through this interview, we would like to know more about the background knowledge of respiratory disease and the diagnosis of influenza. We drafted the questions below:

• How to detect influenza in a lab?
• What kind of sample does the professor recommend for influenza rapid test?
• Do you recommend using the blood to detect the flu directly?
• Do you recommend using swabs to detect flu directly?
• What are the current methods of influenza detection?
• Do you have any suggestions for our fast screening products?

Process

• Generally, a bacterial culture is performed in a lab, and the whole process takes about 3 to 7 days.
• The general influenza samples have two forms, blood, and swab. The advantage of a blood sample is a lot amount at one time. The advantage of the swab is non-invasive.
• Dr. Chang recommended swab as the sample of our influenza rapid test. Since taking a blood sample needs to penetrate patients’ skin with needles, it is more invasive than taking a swab sample and less accepted by patients. Besides, drawing blood can only be conducted by professionally trained people, it isn’t good for promoting simple use. What’s more, a blood sample is valid only when there is viruses in the blood, or so-called viremia.
• Dr. Chang recommended that we design a kit that can test lots of pathogens and is user-friendly, which means everyone, even people who aren’t professionally trained, can use it. To know more about the technique he suggested we visit Adimmune Corporation.

Feedback

After the interview, we had a clearer idea of our product. We decided to take swabs as the sample of our device. Our device needs to be fast, accurate and easy-to-use. We can make our product as kits in the near future, and we can ask Adimmune Corporation for more details.

Twelve different integrated stress reporters allow for extensive and easy high-throughput screening of candidate compounds

×

Charlotte de Ceuninck van Capelle

Team manager

Form

We had an interview with Doctor Yuan-Yen, Chang on March 20th at Chung-Shan Medical University. Doctor Chang is the professor of microbiology. His specialties are virology, Immunology, and biotechnology.

Purpose

As a professor of microbiology, doctor Chang knows well about the knowledge as well as the mechanism of respiratory disease. Through this interview, we would like to know more about the background knowledge of respiratory disease and the diagnosis of influenza. We drafted the questions below:

• How to detect influenza in a lab?
• What kind of sample does the professor recommend for influenza rapid test?
• Do you recommend using the blood to detect the flu directly?
• Do you recommend using swabs to detect flu directly?
• What are the current methods of influenza detection?
• Do you have any suggestions for our fast screening products?

Process

• Generally, a bacterial culture is performed in a lab, and the whole process takes about 3 to 7 days.
• The general influenza samples have two forms, blood, and swab. The advantage of a blood sample is a lot amount at one time. The advantage of the swab is non-invasive.
• Dr. Chang recommended swab as the sample of our influenza rapid test. Since taking a blood sample needs to penetrate patients’ skin with needles, it is more invasive than taking a swab sample and less accepted by patients. Besides, drawing blood can only be conducted by professionally trained people, it isn’t good for promoting simple use. What’s more, a blood sample is valid only when there is viruses in the blood, or so-called viremia.
• Dr. Chang recommended that we design a kit that can test lots of pathogens and is user-friendly, which means everyone, even people who aren’t professionally trained, can use it. To know more about the technique he suggested we visit Adimmune Corporation.

Feedback

After the interview, we had a clearer idea of our product. We decided to take swabs as the sample of our device. Our device needs to be fast, accurate and easy-to-use. We can make our product as kits in the near future, and we can ask Adimmune Corporation for more details.

Twelve different integrated stress reporters allow for extensive and easy high-throughput screening of candidate compounds

×

Charlotte de Ceuninck van Capelle

Team manager

Form

We had an interview with Doctor Yuan-Yen, Chang on March 20th at Chung-Shan Medical University. Doctor Chang is the professor of microbiology. His specialties are virology, Immunology, and biotechnology.

Purpose

As a professor of microbiology, doctor Chang knows well about the knowledge as well as the mechanism of respiratory disease. Through this interview, we would like to know more about the background knowledge of respiratory disease and the diagnosis of influenza. We drafted the questions below:

• How to detect influenza in a lab?
• What kind of sample does the professor recommend for influenza rapid test?
• Do you recommend using the blood to detect the flu directly?
• Do you recommend using swabs to detect flu directly?
• What are the current methods of influenza detection?
• Do you have any suggestions for our fast screening products?

Process

• Generally, a bacterial culture is performed in a lab, and the whole process takes about 3 to 7 days.
• The general influenza samples have two forms, blood, and swab. The advantage of a blood sample is a lot amount at one time. The advantage of the swab is non-invasive.
• Dr. Chang recommended swab as the sample of our influenza rapid test. Since taking a blood sample needs to penetrate patients’ skin with needles, it is more invasive than taking a swab sample and less accepted by patients. Besides, drawing blood can only be conducted by professionally trained people, it isn’t good for promoting simple use. What’s more, a blood sample is valid only when there is viruses in the blood, or so-called viremia.
• Dr. Chang recommended that we design a kit that can test lots of pathogens and is user-friendly, which means everyone, even people who aren’t professionally trained, can use it. To know more about the technique he suggested we visit Adimmune Corporation.

Feedback

After the interview, we had a clearer idea of our product. We decided to take swabs as the sample of our device. Our device needs to be fast, accurate and easy-to-use. We can make our product as kits in the near future, and we can ask Adimmune Corporation for more details.

Twelve different integrated stress reporters allow for extensive and easy high-throughput screening of candidate compounds

×

Charlotte de Ceuninck van Capelle

Team manager

Form

We had an interview with Doctor Yuan-Yen, Chang on March 20th at Chung-Shan Medical University. Doctor Chang is the professor of microbiology. His specialties are virology, Immunology, and biotechnology.

Purpose

As a professor of microbiology, doctor Chang knows well about the knowledge as well as the mechanism of respiratory disease. Through this interview, we would like to know more about the background knowledge of respiratory disease and the diagnosis of influenza. We drafted the questions below:

• How to detect influenza in a lab?
• What kind of sample does the professor recommend for influenza rapid test?
• Do you recommend using the blood to detect the flu directly?
• Do you recommend using swabs to detect flu directly?
• What are the current methods of influenza detection?
• Do you have any suggestions for our fast screening products?

Process

• Generally, a bacterial culture is performed in a lab, and the whole process takes about 3 to 7 days.
• The general influenza samples have two forms, blood, and swab. The advantage of a blood sample is a lot amount at one time. The advantage of the swab is non-invasive.
• Dr. Chang recommended swab as the sample of our influenza rapid test. Since taking a blood sample needs to penetrate patients’ skin with needles, it is more invasive than taking a swab sample and less accepted by patients. Besides, drawing blood can only be conducted by professionally trained people, it isn’t good for promoting simple use. What’s more, a blood sample is valid only when there is viruses in the blood, or so-called viremia.
• Dr. Chang recommended that we design a kit that can test lots of pathogens and is user-friendly, which means everyone, even people who aren’t professionally trained, can use it. To know more about the technique he suggested we visit Adimmune Corporation.

Feedback

After the interview, we had a clearer idea of our product. We decided to take swabs as the sample of our device. Our device needs to be fast, accurate and easy-to-use. We can make our product as kits in the near future, and we can ask Adimmune Corporation for more details.

Twelve different integrated stress reporters allow for extensive and easy high-throughput screening of candidate compounds

×

Charlotte de Ceuninck van Capelle

Team manager

Form

We had an interview with Doctor Yuan-Yen, Chang on March 20th at Chung-Shan Medical University. Doctor Chang is the professor of microbiology. His specialties are virology, Immunology, and biotechnology.

Purpose

As a professor of microbiology, doctor Chang knows well about the knowledge as well as the mechanism of respiratory disease. Through this interview, we would like to know more about the background knowledge of respiratory disease and the diagnosis of influenza. We drafted the questions below:

• How to detect influenza in a lab?
• What kind of sample does the professor recommend for influenza rapid test?
• Do you recommend using the blood to detect the flu directly?
• Do you recommend using swabs to detect flu directly?
• What are the current methods of influenza detection?
• Do you have any suggestions for our fast screening products?

Process

• Generally, a bacterial culture is performed in a lab, and the whole process takes about 3 to 7 days.
• The general influenza samples have two forms, blood, and swab. The advantage of a blood sample is a lot amount at one time. The advantage of the swab is non-invasive.
• Dr. Chang recommended swab as the sample of our influenza rapid test. Since taking a blood sample needs to penetrate patients’ skin with needles, it is more invasive than taking a swab sample and less accepted by patients. Besides, drawing blood can only be conducted by professionally trained people, it isn’t good for promoting simple use. What’s more, a blood sample is valid only when there is viruses in the blood, or so-called viremia.
• Dr. Chang recommended that we design a kit that can test lots of pathogens and is user-friendly, which means everyone, even people who aren’t professionally trained, can use it. To know more about the technique he suggested we visit Adimmune Corporation.

Feedback

After the interview, we had a clearer idea of our product. We decided to take swabs as the sample of our device. Our device needs to be fast, accurate and easy-to-use. We can make our product as kits in the near future, and we can ask Adimmune Corporation for more details.

Twelve different integrated stress reporters allow for extensive and easy high-throughput screening of candidate compounds

×

Charlotte de Ceuninck van Capelle

Team manager

Form

We had an interview with Doctor Yuan-Yen, Chang on March 20th at Chung-Shan Medical University. Doctor Chang is the professor of microbiology. His specialties are virology, Immunology, and biotechnology.

Purpose

As a professor of microbiology, doctor Chang knows well about the knowledge as well as the mechanism of respiratory disease. Through this interview, we would like to know more about the background knowledge of respiratory disease and the diagnosis of influenza. We drafted the questions below:

• How to detect influenza in a lab?
• What kind of sample does the professor recommend for influenza rapid test?
• Do you recommend using the blood to detect the flu directly?
• Do you recommend using swabs to detect flu directly?
• What are the current methods of influenza detection?
• Do you have any suggestions for our fast screening products?

Process

• Generally, a bacterial culture is performed in a lab, and the whole process takes about 3 to 7 days.
• The general influenza samples have two forms, blood, and swab. The advantage of a blood sample is a lot amount at one time. The advantage of the swab is non-invasive.
• Dr. Chang recommended swab as the sample of our influenza rapid test. Since taking a blood sample needs to penetrate patients’ skin with needles, it is more invasive than taking a swab sample and less accepted by patients. Besides, drawing blood can only be conducted by professionally trained people, it isn’t good for promoting simple use. What’s more, a blood sample is valid only when there is viruses in the blood, or so-called viremia.
• Dr. Chang recommended that we design a kit that can test lots of pathogens and is user-friendly, which means everyone, even people who aren’t professionally trained, can use it. To know more about the technique he suggested we visit Adimmune Corporation.

Feedback

After the interview, we had a clearer idea of our product. We decided to take swabs as the sample of our device. Our device needs to be fast, accurate and easy-to-use. We can make our product as kits in the near future, and we can ask Adimmune Corporation for more details.

Twelve different integrated stress reporters allow for extensive and easy high-throughput screening of candidate compounds

×

Charlotte de Ceuninck van Capelle

Team manager

Form

We had an interview with Doctor Yuan-Yen, Chang on March 20th at Chung-Shan Medical University. Doctor Chang is the professor of microbiology. His specialties are virology, Immunology, and biotechnology.

Purpose

As a professor of microbiology, doctor Chang knows well about the knowledge as well as the mechanism of respiratory disease. Through this interview, we would like to know more about the background knowledge of respiratory disease and the diagnosis of influenza. We drafted the questions below:

• How to detect influenza in a lab?
• What kind of sample does the professor recommend for influenza rapid test?
• Do you recommend using the blood to detect the flu directly?
• Do you recommend using swabs to detect flu directly?
• What are the current methods of influenza detection?
• Do you have any suggestions for our fast screening products?

Process

• Generally, a bacterial culture is performed in a lab, and the whole process takes about 3 to 7 days.
• The general influenza samples have two forms, blood, and swab. The advantage of a blood sample is a lot amount at one time. The advantage of the swab is non-invasive.
• Dr. Chang recommended swab as the sample of our influenza rapid test. Since taking a blood sample needs to penetrate patients’ skin with needles, it is more invasive than taking a swab sample and less accepted by patients. Besides, drawing blood can only be conducted by professionally trained people, it isn’t good for promoting simple use. What’s more, a blood sample is valid only when there is viruses in the blood, or so-called viremia.
• Dr. Chang recommended that we design a kit that can test lots of pathogens and is user-friendly, which means everyone, even people who aren’t professionally trained, can use it. To know more about the technique he suggested we visit Adimmune Corporation.

Feedback

After the interview, we had a clearer idea of our product. We decided to take swabs as the sample of our device. Our device needs to be fast, accurate and easy-to-use. We can make our product as kits in the near future, and we can ask Adimmune Corporation for more details.

Twelve different integrated stress reporters allow for extensive and easy high-throughput screening of candidate compounds

×

Charlotte de Ceuninck van Capelle

Team manager

Form

We had an interview with Doctor Yuan-Yen, Chang on March 20th at Chung-Shan Medical University. Doctor Chang is the professor of microbiology. His specialties are virology, Immunology, and biotechnology.

Purpose

As a professor of microbiology, doctor Chang knows well about the knowledge as well as the mechanism of respiratory disease. Through this interview, we would like to know more about the background knowledge of respiratory disease and the diagnosis of influenza. We drafted the questions below:

• How to detect influenza in a lab?
• What kind of sample does the professor recommend for influenza rapid test?
• Do you recommend using the blood to detect the flu directly?
• Do you recommend using swabs to detect flu directly?
• What are the current methods of influenza detection?
• Do you have any suggestions for our fast screening products?

Process

• Generally, a bacterial culture is performed in a lab, and the whole process takes about 3 to 7 days.
• The general influenza samples have two forms, blood, and swab. The advantage of a blood sample is a lot amount at one time. The advantage of the swab is non-invasive.
• Dr. Chang recommended swab as the sample of our influenza rapid test. Since taking a blood sample needs to penetrate patients’ skin with needles, it is more invasive than taking a swab sample and less accepted by patients. Besides, drawing blood can only be conducted by professionally trained people, it isn’t good for promoting simple use. What’s more, a blood sample is valid only when there is viruses in the blood, or so-called viremia.
• Dr. Chang recommended that we design a kit that can test lots of pathogens and is user-friendly, which means everyone, even people who aren’t professionally trained, can use it. To know more about the technique he suggested we visit Adimmune Corporation.

Feedback

After the interview, we had a clearer idea of our product. We decided to take swabs as the sample of our device. Our device needs to be fast, accurate and easy-to-use. We can make our product as kits in the near future, and we can ask Adimmune Corporation for more details.

Charlotte de Ceuninck van Capelle

Team manager

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Charlotte de Ceuninck van Capelle

Team manager

Biopharmaceutical Sciences BSc

Charlotte involves herself with all team members to assist us in our tasks and help ensure things run smoothly. During meetings she maintains structure by being just and fair, while in the lab she can be found working on isolating stress promoters from Bacillus bacteria. When problems arise, Charlotte will quickly be working on a solution, making her our reliable team manager.

Fun fact: Charlotte knows most Epic Rap Battles by heart

Daphne van den Homberg

Secretary & Design manager

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Daphne van den Homberg

Secretary & Design manager

Biomedical Sciences BSc

Daphne is always focussed during meetings in order to capture every important detail we discuss, making her our great secretary. Outside the meetings she can be found in the lab, working on isolating many new stress promoters from the E. coli genome and coupling them to GFP tags. Any time she has left is spent behind her laptop, working hard on creating the most beautiful designs such as our logo, poster and flyers, or she is editing photos and videos she has taken of our team.

Fun fact: Daphne gives CPR training to children in her spare time

Maaike de Jong

Treasurer

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Maaike de Jong

Treasurer

Biomedical Sciences MSc

Maaike keeps a careful eye on our money flows, making sure enough comes in to keep funding our teams activities. In this, she works closely with our fundraising managers. Maaike can also be found in the lab where she is attempting to integrate our entire stress response system into one giant plasmid. Later, she joined the effort to create an enhanced expression system by placing multiple fluorescent or chromoprotein tags in sequence.

Fun fact: Maaike her quotes have been redacted from our wiki

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CollaborationsClick here to read about our collaborations with other iGEM teams